| An integrated approach to cause-of-death analysis: cause-deleted life tables and decompositions of life expectancy Hiram Beltrán-Sánchez, Samuel H. Preston, Vladimir Canudas-Romo research article Open Access [ Abstract | Full Text (PDF, 669 kB) ] |
пятница, 25 июля 2008 г.
cdlt
ftm
народные рекомендации для транссексуалов по безопасному сексу:
Карманное руководство для трансов и их партнёров.
© по материалам Queertransmen.org
® перевод и адаптация - Ярослав, 2008
Карманное руководство для трансов и их партнёров.
© по материалам Queertransmen.org
® перевод и адаптация - Ярослав, 2008
суббота, 19 июля 2008 г.
четверг, 17 июля 2008 г.
writeabook
| экономика |
 Фонд "Научный потенциал" объявляет новый конкурс в области экономики на написание монографий. Будут приветствоваться работы, представляющие собой синтез экономики и социологии, экономики и правоведения и т.д. |
среда, 16 июля 2008 г.
fep
| Гуманитарные; общественные, социальные науки |
Конкурс по программе Фулбрайт-Кеннан проходит в рамках конкурса по программе Фулбрайта. |
воскресенье, 6 июля 2008 г.
std_mow
Assessment of the Routine, Occupation-Based Gonorrhea and Syphilis Screening Program in Moscow, Russia: An Analysis of Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevalence and Cost-Effectiveness.
by
Kourbatova, Ekaterina V. MD, MPH, PhD *; Akovbyan, Vagan A. MD, PhD +; Chesson, Harrell W. PhD ++; Lytkina, Irina N. MD, PhD [S]; Dmitriev, Georgyi A. PhD [//]; Tikhonova, Lilia I. MD [P]; Koubanova, Anna A. MD, PhD [P]; Petukhova, Irina I. MD, PhD [P]; Latypova, Munira F. MD, PhD [S]; Aboymova, Olga A. MD [S]; Lewis, Joel S. #; Ryan, Caroline A. MD, MPH **; Shakarishvili, Anna MD ++
Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 35(5):453-460, May 2008.
by
Kourbatova, Ekaterina V. MD, MPH, PhD *; Akovbyan, Vagan A. MD, PhD +; Chesson, Harrell W. PhD ++; Lytkina, Irina N. MD, PhD [S]; Dmitriev, Georgyi A. PhD [//]; Tikhonova, Lilia I. MD [P]; Koubanova, Anna A. MD, PhD [P]; Petukhova, Irina I. MD, PhD [P]; Latypova, Munira F. MD, PhD [S]; Aboymova, Olga A. MD [S]; Lewis, Joel S. #; Ryan, Caroline A. MD, MPH **; Shakarishvili, Anna MD ++
Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 35(5):453-460, May 2008.
pdd
Youth, HIV, and the Demographic Dividend
by Noman Farooq, Program Assistant, Pakistan AIDS Control Federation
resourcecentre@pnac.net.pk
The demographic dividend is a rise in the rate of economic growth due to a rising share of working age people in a population. This usually occurs late in the demographic transition when the fertility rate falls and the youth dependency rate declines. During this demographic window of opportunity, output per capita rises. It has been argued that the demographic dividend played a role in the "economic miracles" of the East Asian Tigers and that the economic boom in Ireland in the 1990s (the Celtic tiger) was in part due to the legalization of contraception in 1979 and subsequent decline in the fertility rate . In Ireland the ratio of workers to dependents improved due to lower fertility but was raised further by increased female labor market participation and a reversal from outward migration of working age population to a net inflow. Africa, on the other hand, continues to have high fertility and youth dependency rates, which contribute to its economic stagnation. The magnitude of the demographic dividend appears to be dependent on the ability of the economy to absorb and productively employ the extra workers, rather than a pure demographic gift.
The youth stage of the life cycle is critical from a social perspective since it is the time when young people make key decisions in terms of their life style, living arrangements, partnering, and family formation. There are decisions among youth that have been significantly affected by globalization. Moreover globalization has facilitated the spread of Western cultural practices and exposed them to different ways of doing things. Undoubtedly this has seen them challenge many traditional authority structures and perhaps also experience disorientation caused by the dilemmas of day-to-day experience of clashes between traditional and modern values and norms.
Pakistan Demographics and Youth
Population growth and size have remained the focus of debate for centuries but the recent demographic transition in developing countries has made social scientists take note of the changing age structure of the population as well. As a result of declining population growth and consequent changes in age structure, the proportion of working-age population is increasing in most developing countries, with an associated decline in the dependent age population, offering a window of opportunity to these countries that is referred to as the "demographic dividend." Pakistan is also going through the demographic transition, and is experiencing a once-in-a-lifetime demographic dividend as the working-age population bulges and the dependency ratio declines.
For economic benefits to materialize, there is a need for policies dealing with education, public health, and those that promote labor market flexibility and provide incentives for investment and savings. On the contrary, if appropriate policies are not formulated, the demographic dividend might in fact be a cost, leading to unemployment and an unbearable strain on education, health, and old age security.
The number of youth relative to other age groups in today's Pakistan is higher than it has ever been, and arguably higher than it will ever be. This peak in youth population presents the community with a unique "window of opportunity," which, if seized, could propel growth and prosperity. But if we miss this opportunity, we could face widespread disillusionment, mass unemployment, and possibly a downturn in economic growth.
A substantial increase in the size of the labor force can lead to greater per capita output and economic growth, producing the "demographic dividend." The dividend most often occurs in countries late in the demographic transition, when birth rates are falling. Resources shift from dependent children and elders to youth -- the age group that comprises the bulk of the productive labor force. While the large number of youth can put pressure on schools, labor markets, and services, it is also noted that the declining dependency ratios of the demographic dividend also allow for increased investment in education and family welfare.
Young people are considered as more vulnerable to the HIV epidemic because of lack of guidance and information on sexuality and on safe-sex behavior. Young people are more susceptible to risk activities and adoption of unsafe sexual practices. In Pakistani society, open discussion on sex is considered shameful and sharing information about sex is discouraged culturally. Thus they are more susceptible to risk activities and adoption of unsafe sexual practices. Normally young people receive little or no guidance on sex by their elders and their source of information are generally inadequate and misleading. In general, people avoid disclosing their sex health problems and usually trust the quacks that pose themselves as experts on sexual health. Their counseling skills and the privacy that they provide to each client help them to flourish their business, but their practices are no more up to any medical standards and may be a serious threat to public health.
Youth as the most vulnerable age group for HIV infection needs awareness of anatomy and physiology of the reproductive system, psychological changes during puberty, sexual health, STDs, and HIV/AIDS. There is a need to change the attitudes of adults to provide information on the above. It’s time for expressing their opinion on the need for information to prevent HIV/AIDS as well as the importance of youth participation in the designing and the implementation of projects addressing youth.
References:
Pakistan AIDS Control Federation
http://www.pnac.net.pk/
by Noman Farooq, Program Assistant, Pakistan AIDS Control Federation
resourcecentre@pnac.net.pk
The demographic dividend is a rise in the rate of economic growth due to a rising share of working age people in a population. This usually occurs late in the demographic transition when the fertility rate falls and the youth dependency rate declines. During this demographic window of opportunity, output per capita rises. It has been argued that the demographic dividend played a role in the "economic miracles" of the East Asian Tigers and that the economic boom in Ireland in the 1990s (the Celtic tiger) was in part due to the legalization of contraception in 1979 and subsequent decline in the fertility rate . In Ireland the ratio of workers to dependents improved due to lower fertility but was raised further by increased female labor market participation and a reversal from outward migration of working age population to a net inflow. Africa, on the other hand, continues to have high fertility and youth dependency rates, which contribute to its economic stagnation. The magnitude of the demographic dividend appears to be dependent on the ability of the economy to absorb and productively employ the extra workers, rather than a pure demographic gift.
The youth stage of the life cycle is critical from a social perspective since it is the time when young people make key decisions in terms of their life style, living arrangements, partnering, and family formation. There are decisions among youth that have been significantly affected by globalization. Moreover globalization has facilitated the spread of Western cultural practices and exposed them to different ways of doing things. Undoubtedly this has seen them challenge many traditional authority structures and perhaps also experience disorientation caused by the dilemmas of day-to-day experience of clashes between traditional and modern values and norms.
Pakistan Demographics and Youth
Population growth and size have remained the focus of debate for centuries but the recent demographic transition in developing countries has made social scientists take note of the changing age structure of the population as well. As a result of declining population growth and consequent changes in age structure, the proportion of working-age population is increasing in most developing countries, with an associated decline in the dependent age population, offering a window of opportunity to these countries that is referred to as the "demographic dividend." Pakistan is also going through the demographic transition, and is experiencing a once-in-a-lifetime demographic dividend as the working-age population bulges and the dependency ratio declines.
For economic benefits to materialize, there is a need for policies dealing with education, public health, and those that promote labor market flexibility and provide incentives for investment and savings. On the contrary, if appropriate policies are not formulated, the demographic dividend might in fact be a cost, leading to unemployment and an unbearable strain on education, health, and old age security.
The number of youth relative to other age groups in today's Pakistan is higher than it has ever been, and arguably higher than it will ever be. This peak in youth population presents the community with a unique "window of opportunity," which, if seized, could propel growth and prosperity. But if we miss this opportunity, we could face widespread disillusionment, mass unemployment, and possibly a downturn in economic growth.
A substantial increase in the size of the labor force can lead to greater per capita output and economic growth, producing the "demographic dividend." The dividend most often occurs in countries late in the demographic transition, when birth rates are falling. Resources shift from dependent children and elders to youth -- the age group that comprises the bulk of the productive labor force. While the large number of youth can put pressure on schools, labor markets, and services, it is also noted that the declining dependency ratios of the demographic dividend also allow for increased investment in education and family welfare.
Young people are considered as more vulnerable to the HIV epidemic because of lack of guidance and information on sexuality and on safe-sex behavior. Young people are more susceptible to risk activities and adoption of unsafe sexual practices. In Pakistani society, open discussion on sex is considered shameful and sharing information about sex is discouraged culturally. Thus they are more susceptible to risk activities and adoption of unsafe sexual practices. Normally young people receive little or no guidance on sex by their elders and their source of information are generally inadequate and misleading. In general, people avoid disclosing their sex health problems and usually trust the quacks that pose themselves as experts on sexual health. Their counseling skills and the privacy that they provide to each client help them to flourish their business, but their practices are no more up to any medical standards and may be a serious threat to public health.
Youth as the most vulnerable age group for HIV infection needs awareness of anatomy and physiology of the reproductive system, psychological changes during puberty, sexual health, STDs, and HIV/AIDS. There is a need to change the attitudes of adults to provide information on the above. It’s time for expressing their opinion on the need for information to prevent HIV/AIDS as well as the importance of youth participation in the designing and the implementation of projects addressing youth.
References:
Pakistan AIDS Control Federation
http://www.pnac.net.pk/
HIVworldchart
The Wall chart on Population and HIV/AIDS 2007 provides the most recent information on HIV/AIDS for all countries in the world. The Wall chart includes information on Government measures implemented in response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, the number of people living with HIV, adult HIV prevalence, the number of deaths due to AIDS and the number of AIDS orphans. Additional data include life expectancy at birth and total population in 2015 with and without AIDS, condom use and antiretroviral coverage.
в форматах pdf и xls
в форматах pdf и xls
четверг, 3 июля 2008 г.
понедельник, 30 июня 2008 г.
пятница, 27 июня 2008 г.
ruby
Российский гуманитарный научный фонд (РГНФ) и Белорусский республиканский фонд фундаментальных исследований (БРФФИ) в соответствии с заключенным между ними соглашением о сотрудничестве договорились провести в 2009 году совместный конкурс научных проектов РГНФ - БРФФИ.
гоню подробности
гоню подробности
среда, 25 июня 2008 г.
irish?
http://www.qdap.pitt.edu/cat-updates.htm
This 9-minute Screencast presents several of the new Coding Analysis Toolkit features, such as:
- Primary Account holder as coder
- Split datasets for sub-coding
- Creating sub-codes
- Merge datasets
- Archive datasets
I am a particular fan of the split datasets feature. It allows you to take a pass over your data and code it into "big buckets" which then can be split into unique datasets to be coded at a finer granularity with sub-codes.
Keep the ideas coming!
~Stu
Stuart Shulman
http://shulman.ucsur.pitt.edu
This 9-minute Screencast presents several of the new Coding Analysis Toolkit features, such as:
- Primary Account holder as coder
- Split datasets for sub-coding
- Creating sub-codes
- Merge datasets
- Archive datasets
I am a particular fan of the split datasets feature. It allows you to take a pass over your data and code it into "big buckets" which then can be split into unique datasets to be coded at a finer granularity with sub-codes.
Keep the ideas coming!
~Stu
Stuart Shulman
http://shulman.ucsur.pitt.edu
SfAA
From "Society for Applied Anthropology" <info@sfaa.net>
Dear Colleagues,
Please publicize the following on your website, distribute to listserves, and/or forward to your publications editor for newsletters, etc.
CALL FOR PAPERS
The Society for Applied Anthropology (SfAA) invites abstracts (papers and posters) for the Program of the 69th Annual Meeting in Santa Fe, NM, March 17-21, 2009. The theme of the Program is "Global Challenge, Local Action: Ethical Engagement, Partnerships and Practice".
The Society is a multi-disciplinary association that focuses on problem definition and resolution. We welcome papers from all disciplines. The deadline for abstract submission is October 15, 2008. For additional information on the theme, abstract size/format, and the meeting, please visit our web page (http://www.sfaa.net and click on "Annual Meeting").
If you have a webpage for links, please add the following:
The Society for Applied Anthropology is pleased to announce our 69th Annual Meeting in Santa Fe, NM, March 17-21, 2009. For meeting information visit http://www.sfaa.net/sfaa2009.html
Please contact me if you have any questions.
Melissa Cope
Society for Applied Anthropology
PO Box 2436
Oklahoma City, OK 73101
405-843-5113
405-843-8553 (fax)
melissa@sfaa.net
Dear Colleagues,
Please publicize the following on your website, distribute to listserves, and/or forward to your publications editor for newsletters, etc.
CALL FOR PAPERS
The Society for Applied Anthropology (SfAA) invites abstracts (papers and posters) for the Program of the 69th Annual Meeting in Santa Fe, NM, March 17-21, 2009. The theme of the Program is "Global Challenge, Local Action: Ethical Engagement, Partnerships and Practice".
The Society is a multi-disciplinary association that focuses on problem definition and resolution. We welcome papers from all disciplines. The deadline for abstract submission is October 15, 2008. For additional information on the theme, abstract size/format, and the meeting, please visit our web page (http://www.sfaa.net and click on "Annual Meeting").
If you have a webpage for links, please add the following:
The Society for Applied Anthropology is pleased to announce our 69th Annual Meeting in Santa Fe, NM, March 17-21, 2009. For meeting information visit http://www.sfaa.net/sfaa2009.html
Please contact me if you have any questions.
Melissa Cope
Society for Applied Anthropology
PO Box 2436
Oklahoma City, OK 73101
405-843-5113
405-843-8553 (fax)
melissa@sfaa.net
суббота, 21 июня 2008 г.
четверг, 19 июня 2008 г.
byphone
"I didn't write the questions!" - Negotiating telephone-survey questions on birth timing
Marian May
[ Abstract | Full Text (PDF, 160 kB) ]
This paper examines interviewer-respondent interaction in the collection of demographic data. Conversation analysis (CA) makes transparent the interaction between an interviewer and 25 respondents on a question about pregnancy and birth timing in an Australian telephone survey, Negotiating the Life Course. The analysis focuses on the troubles that occur and the work interviewers do to fit respondents' answers to the survey researcher's categories. Interviewers are shown to act as mediators in difficult interaction, with responses often distorted by question format, the imperative of achieving an allowed response, and the need to keep the respondent in the survey.
Marian May
[ Abstract | Full Text (PDF, 160 kB) ]
This paper examines interviewer-respondent interaction in the collection of demographic data. Conversation analysis (CA) makes transparent the interaction between an interviewer and 25 respondents on a question about pregnancy and birth timing in an Australian telephone survey, Negotiating the Life Course. The analysis focuses on the troubles that occur and the work interviewers do to fit respondents' answers to the survey researcher's categories. Interviewers are shown to act as mediators in difficult interaction, with responses often distorted by question format, the imperative of achieving an allowed response, and the need to keep the respondent in the survey.
четверг, 12 июня 2008 г.
sex_position
Распределение (с большим смещением в выборке) по сексуальной самоидентификации
Источник: LGBT site
Источник: LGBT site
четверг, 5 июня 2008 г.
spb
| Конкурсный отбор для предоставления субсидий по поддержке международных программ и проектов. |
| 04.06.2008 |
| естественные, технические, гуманитарные дисциплины |
Комитет по науке и высшей школе правительства Санкт-Петербурга проводит в 2008 г. конкурсный отбор для предоставления субсидий по поддержке международных программ и проектов. |
|
вторник, 3 июня 2008 г.
statistical_significance
Jan M. Hoem
The reporting of statistical significance in scientific journals
A reflexion
keywords: statistical significance
Scientific journals in most empirical disciplines have regulations about how authors should report the precision of their estimates of model parameters and other model elements. Some journals that overlap fully or partly with the field of demography demand as a strict prerequisite for publication that a p-value, a confidence interval, or a standard deviation accompany any parameter estimate. I feel that this rule is sometimes applied in an overly mechanical manner. Standard deviations and p-values produced routinely by general-purpose software are taken at face value and included without questioning, and features that have too high a p-value or too large a standard deviation are too easily disregarded as being without interest because they appear not to be statistically significant. In my opinion authors should be discouraged from adhering to this practice, and flexibility rather than rigidity should be encouraged in the reporting of statistical significance. I would also encourage thoughtful rather than mechanical use of p-values, standard deviations, confidence intervals, and the like.
the full text of a paper or reflexion, go to http://www.demographic-research.org
The reporting of statistical significance in scientific journals
A reflexion
keywords: statistical significance
Scientific journals in most empirical disciplines have regulations about how authors should report the precision of their estimates of model parameters and other model elements. Some journals that overlap fully or partly with the field of demography demand as a strict prerequisite for publication that a p-value, a confidence interval, or a standard deviation accompany any parameter estimate. I feel that this rule is sometimes applied in an overly mechanical manner. Standard deviations and p-values produced routinely by general-purpose software are taken at face value and included without questioning, and features that have too high a p-value or too large a standard deviation are too easily disregarded as being without interest because they appear not to be statistically significant. In my opinion authors should be discouraged from adhering to this practice, and flexibility rather than rigidity should be encouraged in the reporting of statistical significance. I would also encourage thoughtful rather than mechanical use of p-values, standard deviations, confidence intervals, and the like.
the full text of a paper or reflexion, go to http://www.demographic-research.org
понедельник, 2 июня 2008 г.
irex
| Естественные; гуманитарные дисциплины |
Программа малых грантов – это программа для выпускников обменных программ, финансируемая Отделом образовательных и культурных программ Госдепартамента США (ECA) и направленная на дальнейшее повышение профессиональной квалификации выпускников. |
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